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Biogas
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Principle:
In a biogas plant the anaerobic microbial degradation (digestion) of the used substrate
takes place. This is mostly from water-rich, easy to medium-degradable biomass such as
manure, silage (mainly corn silage) or Biowaste. Straw and wood, which primary contain
cellulose and lignocellulose, resist degradation under anaerobic conditions and are not
useable therefore. Various types of micro-organisms use the complex composite biomass
(carbohydrates, fats, proteins and other) as a nutrient and energy. Other than with
aerobic decomposition (respiration) the organisms only take advantage of a small part of
the contained Energy during the fermentation. Therefore, they must process a relatively
large quantity to meet their energy demand. Main products of degradation are the
energy-rich methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Because they are gaseous, they are
separated from the fermentation substrate and form the main component of biogas. (CO2) is
not further oxidized, but can be supplied along with the energy-rich (CH4) in appropriate
combined heat and power plant combustion.